THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN SHAPING NIGERIA’S FOREIGN POLICY IN THE 21ST CENTUREY

Abstract

The paper examines the role of digital technology in shaping Nigeria's foreign policy in the 21st century which represents a transformative shift driven by the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies. It explores the integration of digital tools and platforms into Nigeria’s diplomatic strategies through the adoption of secondary material like literature, and policy documents, the study highlights how digitalization has enhanced Nigeria’s diplomatic engagement, international communication, and policy formulation. The paper reveals further that digital platforms such as X, Facebook and Intagram have facilitated greater visibility on the global stage, improved diplomatic efficiency, and enabled real-time engagement with international partners. However, notable challenges were uncovered such as limited technological infrastructure and digital literacy, cybersecurity threats, digital divides, and policy gaps hindered optimal utilization of digital resources to drive Nigeria’s foreign policy agenda.  The study therefore recommended among others that Nigeria should prioritize investing in its digital infrastructure by expanding reliable internet connectivity, particularly in rural and underserved areas, to bridge the digital divide and promote inclusive participation in digital diplomatic efforts. More so, establishing dedicated digital diplomatic units within Nigerian foreign missions can significantly enhance institutional capacity, streamline digital communication channels, and enable quicker responses to international developments. Most importantly, Nigeria must strengthen its cybersecurity frameworks by deploying advanced security measures, conducting regular training for diplomatic personnel, and establishing protocols for data privacy to safeguard sensitive information from cyber threats, as evidenced by past cyberattacks. These strategic initiatives are essential for strengthening Nigeria’s digital foreign policy framework and ensuring that the country fully leverages the benefits of digitalization in its international engagements.