Dynamics of Song Composition, Authorship and Plagiarism among the Tiv Oral Poets of Central Nigeria

Abstract

This study explores the intricate dynamics of song composition, individual authorship and plagiarism among the Tiv oral poets in Central Nigeria. It extols how the Tiv people, known for their rich oral traditions and vibrant musical culture, have a long history of song composition and performance that reflect their unique identity and sensibilities. The disturbing evidence of plagiarism which often leads to acrimony among Tiv oral poets is the main thrust of this research. It aims at examining the cultural context of song composition, the concept of individual authorship, the prevalence of plagiarism and the consequence on song performance in Tivland.Bronislaw Maliknowski’s model of functionalism is employed as the analytical tool in this study. The findings reveal that there are evidences of plagiarism among Tiv oral poets which distorts originality in song composition. There are also no established copyright laws that specifically address song authorship, ownership, or plagiarism in Tivland. This absence of formal regulation complicates the resolution of disputes related to music rights. The study recommends that a legal framework that recognizes and protects the rights of individual Tiv oral poets, while respecting the collective and communal nature of music culture be put in place. The study hopes that the framework would help address disputes and provide guidance on issues of authorship and plagiarism.